Machine for pulverizing bark for leaching



(No Model.)

t e e h S m. e e h S 2 N 0 S N H 0 J. R L

MACHINE FOR PULVBRIZING BARK FOR LEAGHING. N0. 529,796.

Patented Nov. 27, 1894.

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L. R. JOHNSON. I MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING BARK FOR LEAGHING.

Patented Nov. 27, 18-94.

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'Wiigzsscs NITED STATES LORENZO R. JOHNSON, OF HARRISON VALLEY, PENNSYLVANIA.

PATENT OFFICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 529,796, dated November 27, 1894.

Application filed May 15,1894.- $eria1 No. 511,373. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LORENZO R. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Harrison Valley, in the county of Potter and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Machine for Preparing Bark for Leaching, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvementin machines for reducing to a divided or disintegrated state the bark used in tanning operations; and it consists of certain novel features of construction and combination and arrangement of parts as will be more fully described hereinafter and finally embodied in the claims. 7

In the art of tanning it is necessary to divide or disintegrate the bark before using it to effect the operation, and this has been done by various means. By some methods the bark is formed into shavings. Again, it-is made into shavings andthen subjected to the action of a blower, whereby it is further divided. All of these are defective, in various respects. Some are productive of excessive disintegration, while others are objectionable because of incomplete division. By my invention these disadvantages'eare overcome,

and a machine capable of dividing the bark in particles of the proper size is produced.

In the drawingsz-Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a complete machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a cross section. Fig. at is a plan view. Fig. 5. is a detail perspective, showing one section of the cylinder with its attached cutting tools. Fig. 6 is a similar view of a second section of the cylinder. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view illustrating the co-operation of the cutting tools or teeth, and Fig. 8 is a detail perspective View of oneof the cutting tools. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view showing, further,the co-operation of the cutting. tools.

The reference numeral 1, indicates the easing of my machine, which casing is formed in sections secured to each other by means of the ribs 2, and bolts 3, and which may be formed in as many sections as may be desired or convenient. Formed integral with the casing and one on each side thereof are the boxes 4, which are adapted for the reception of the revoluble shaft 5. The shaft 5, is revolubly seated in its bearings and is the drive shaft of the machine, it being connected with the source of power by means of the drive pulleys 6, and belt 7, all of which will be .understood. The casing 1, is formed with a semi-circular rear side and with a perpendicular front side. 6 indicates a feed opening in the upper forward side of the casing, and this isprovided with the horizontal ribs 8, which project outwardly therefrom and serve to furnish a means wherebya feed hopper may be supported in place. The bottom of the casing is left open, so as to permit the exit of the disintegrated bark from the machine. In practice this opening will be connected with any suitable carrier for conveying the bark to the tanning vats, but this need not be described here, since it forms no part of my invention. Mounted upon the shaft 5, is the spike cylinder 9, which is composed of a series of disks 10 and 11 centrally perforated and fixed to the shaft- 5, so as to revolve therewith' o The disks 10 and 11, are each peculiarly constructed, and the disk 10, (shown in detail in Fig. 5) is formed with the four radial grooves 12, on one of its faces, which grooves extend from a point near the center of the disk to the periphery thereof, and are adapted respectively for the reception of the bark cutting'or reducing tools 13. Formed'in that face of the disk 10, which has the grooves 12, therein is the concentric annular groove 14.. This groove communicates with the grooves 12, while the tools 13, are each formed on their outer sides with the notches 17, which register with the groovel4, so as to form a continuous circular groove when the tools are in place.

The tools 13 are shown in detail by Fig. 8, and consist of a bar of steel, shaped as a parallelogram in cross-section, and having their outer ends formed bias or inclined, so as to makea point on the front end. Formed on one edge of the tools 13,- and adjacent to the front end thereof are the concave grooves 15, which extend for about one half the length of the tool. These concave grooves 15, are arranged on that edge of the tools which is directly adjacent to the point on the front end of the tool, and operate to form a cutting edge on each side of the said edge of the tool, all of which is for a purpose that will hereinafter appear.

The section 11, of the cylinder consists of a disk of a diameter equal to that of section 10, and is slightly less in thickness. This disk is also centrally perforated and is mounted upon the shaft 5, and has the annular concentric rib 16, formed integral therewith, and in circumferential alignment with the groove 14, of the section 10. In the groove 1%, the rib 16, is adapted to fit, and to be re ceived by the notches 17, of the tools. By these means the tools 13, are rigidly and immovably secured in place, and the several sections of the cylinder are themselves secured in place by means of the tie rods 18, which are preferably four in number and which extend longitudinally the entire length of the cylinder. It ispreferred to so dispose the tools 13, that they will lie in spirally extending lines on the cylinder; and this, because of the successive engagement of the movable and stationary "tools, which results from this location. The tools 13 are adapted to co-operate with the companion and stationary tools 19, which are rigidly secured to the casing 1,and in a position which will keep them presented to the tools 13, as they revolve with the cylinder.

Formed integral with one section of the casing 1, and on the perpendicular front side thereof is the horizontal table 20, which. extends forwardly from the casing, and is braced by strengthening ribs 21, formed on the easing. Arranged upon the table 20, and proj ecting therefrom rearwardly and toward the cylinder, are the aforesaid tools 19, which are of a number corresponding with the number 1 of circumferential lines of teeth on the cylinder.

Interposed between each of the tools 19, and mounted on the table 20, are the binding blocks 22, which are about one-half the length of the tools 19 and extend from the front ends of the said tools to a point just inward of the perpendicular front side of the casing 1. Formed in the upper edges of the tools 19, and of the blocks 22, are the notches 23, which are laterally aligned when the parts are in place, and which are adapted for the reception of the laterally extending rib 24, of the securing plate 25. The plate 25 consists of a late of cast metal of a length equal to that of the table 20, and adapted to lie upon the tools 19 and blocks 22. Formed at the ends and front side of the plate 25, are the vertically perforated ears 26, through which the binding bolts 27 pass, on their way to the ears 28, of the table 20, and by these means the plate 25, is secured immovably in place and the tools 19 and blocks 22 similarly arranged. Formed on the upper edge of the tools 19, and extending from their inner ends to the front side of the casing are the concave grooves 29, which are one for each tool and operate to form cutting edges thereon, similar to the edges of the tools 13, formed by the grooves 15, aforesaid.

In the use of my invention, the cylinder is set to revolving at a preferred speed of three hundred revolutions per minute, though this may be varied at will. The tan bark, having been first reduced to shavings, is now introduced, by way of the feed opening, into the casing 1. It will be seen that the feed opening is so arranged in relation to the stationary cylinder, that the bark will fall upon the said tools and upon the front half of the cylinder. This will be followed by a cutting of the bark into small and regularly shaped particles, by reason of the co-operation of tools 13 and 19, since the tools 13, are arranged to pass one between each of the tools 19, and to have the edges, formed bygrooves 15, engage with the corresponding edges of the tools 19 {and perform a shear out. It will be underistood that the rapidity with which the cylinder revolves, will insure the complete divisiion of the bark, as the tools 13, will engage ;the companion or stationary tools at a rapid rate, since the cylinder will contain four rows ;of tools of six to each row. After the bark ihas been subjected to the action of the tools, 5 it is allowed to fall out of the open bottom of ,the casing and upon the conveyor aforesaid. Q A second point which will be apparent is the fact that the number of tools 13, may, and {in practice will, be variously changed, in accordance with the capacity, which it is desired ;to give the machine. The usual number of f teeth is twelve to each row, and probably this will be the number most frequently used. I i have not shown twelve in the drawings owing i to the limited space.

Having thus described the invention, what 1 is claimed, and desired to be secured by Len ters Patent, is

1. The combination of a casing, a cylinderrevolving therein, a series of stationary cutting tools secured to the interior of the casing and projecting inwardly on a line radial from the axis of the cylinder, each of said cutting tools having one side formed with a groove curved in cross-section, so that each adjacent edge of said side is formed into a cutting edge, the said grooved side of the tool being one of the sides which are located in a line at right angles to the axis of the cylinder, and the opposite sides of the stationary tool adj acent to the grooved side being perpendicular from the line of said grooved side, and a series of movable tools fixed to the cylinder and revolving therewith, the said moving tools being respectively adapted to pass between the spaces between the stationary tools, each of the moving tools being constructed similar to the construction of the stationary tools, and

of a comparative size which will cause its perpendicular sides to lie snugly against the corresponding perpendicular sides of the stationary tools when passing along side the same, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a casing, a revolving shaft therein, a cylinder mounted on the shaft, and composed of a series of disks, one portion of which being formed with a radial groove a circular concentric groove therein, and the remainin g of the disks having a circular concentric projection thereon, a tool adapted to be seated in each of the radial grooves in the first disks and having a notch adapted to receive the projections of the second disks, whereby the tools are rigidly secured to the cylinder, means for holding the disks in place, and stationary tools co-operating with the tools of the cylinder, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a casing the component parts of which are rigidly and permanently joined to each other, said casing having a perpendicular side formed with a horizontal slot extending throughout the width thereof and having at the lower edge of said slot a horizontal table or ledge projecting outwardly therefrom and having a plain and unbroken upper surface, a series of cutting tools having their shanks arranged upon the said table or ledge and having their cutting portions projected into the casing, a series of spacing blocks arranged between the cutting tools, the spacing blocks and cutting tools being formed with aligned grooves in their upper sides, a securing plate separate from the easing and having a rib fitting within said aligned grooves and rigidly'secured upon the shanks of the knives and upon the spacing blocks, a revoluble cylinder within the casing, and cutting knives thereon and operating with the stationary knives, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LORENZO R. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

J. B. OWENS, CHAS. L. DU BoIs. 

